We have all seen the new 2022 tyres on track now. Having been run at 3 race weekends, these low-profile 18-inch tyres are delivering a lot of the changes the FIA and F1 hoped for. But not only have the tyres changed, the rules for running them have also changed although with less change than the tyres themselves. Let’s have a look at the rules from the start!
The tyre allocation ie. which 3 compounds will be available for the race weekend are notified to the teams at least 2 weeks in advance. This gives the teams time to run simulations and look at data from the previous races at the track and of the season, to come up with a run plan to approach the race weekend.
We’ve seen a non-serial for the first time during the Australian GP 2022 with the C2, C3 and C5 tyres. There is no rule against this as the allotment is decided by Pirelli (tyre supplier) and F1 themselves.
For normal race weekends(non sprint), the following dry-weather tyre sets are allocated
- 2 Hard Compound
- 3 Medium Compound
- 8 Soft Compound
For sprint race weekends,
- 2 Hard Compound
- 4 Mediums Compound
- 6 Soft Compound
If a team wants to replace an unused tyre due to any reason(punctures etc.) they can do so with another unused tyre of the same compound specification.
Each tyre is uniquely identified along their sidewalls. That’s where you see the track officials scanning the tyres after a session with their devices. All the tyres are to be used with proper recording of the usage, which shall be validated for the quali lap or sprint or the race as a whole.
For each session declared wet, a fresh set of intermediate tyres will be provided for the driver.
If the race/sprint race starts behind the safety car due to adverse weather, wet tyres will be compulsory to run from the formation lap itself.
Source: f1.com
Unless track conditions are declared wet, each driver has to run at least two different tyre compounds. Not doing so will result in the disqualification of the driver, except when the race has ended under a suspension where 30 seconds will be added to the race time for the driver.
A hypothetical situation would be Alex Albon in the Williams in the recent Australian GP 2022. Where he almost completed the race on the same hard tyres he started with, until they did the last lap pitstop which made them satisfy this rule.
Source: autosport.com
Uptill now the top 10 positions would have to start the race on the same set of tyres you completed your fastest lap in Qualifying-2. Regular fans of the sport would remember this as the ‘Q2 Rule’. However from this season this rule has been scrapped, so teams can start the races on any tyre they wish to. This has resulted in very bold strategies played by some teams in the races till now, however the full story of this change will become more clear as the season progresses.
Source: f1.com: Predicted strategies for Jeddah GP
Wrong Tyres:
Wrong tyres i.e. tyres other than those allotted to the driver, cannot be used during any session in the race weekend. If by mistake they are fitted, they have to be changed back to the correct tyres within one lap with respect to the line of track.
An example of this rule in action would be Sakhir 2020. Where a mixup during the double pitstops of the Mercedes team resulted in George Russel being fitted with tyres of his teammate Valterri Bottas. What followed was the infamous ‘George we have a mixed tyre set’ radio message from Peter Bonnington who was the Chief Engineer for Lewis Hamilton’s replacement that weekend. GR was called into the pits the next lap itself to correct this according to the rule.
Tyre blankets are now at a lower temperature. But the changes have not been disclosed to the public but the responses from the teams around this topic point to a significant shift in operations here. Also additional restrictions are there for how the teams can prepare the tyres before a session to get them ready.
After all the running of these tyres on the pinnacle of motorsport cars, methodic procedures are laid out for return of tyres after a session and the entire weekend. With extensive logging as previously mentioned to monitor that all teams comply with the rules laid out.
Source: Article 30, F1 Sporting Regulations (Issue5)